Standard Array in D&D 5e: How to Assign 15, 14, 13, 12, 10, 8
16 May 2026
The standard array is the fastest way to start a 5e character without rolling dice. You get exactly six numbers—15, 14, 13, 12, 10, and 8—and you place each one on a different ability. No rerolls, no awkward “three 9s” stories unless your table chooses a different method.
If modifiers still feel fuzzy, read ability scores explained once. This page is about where to put the array.
The six numbers (use each once)
| Score | Typical role |
|---|---|
| 15 | Your main attack or spell stat |
| 14 | Almost always Constitution (HP and concentration) |
| 13 | Strong secondary (Dex for initiative, Wis for casters, etc.) |
| 12 | Flexible support stat |
| 10 | Average; fine for a dump-adjacent score |
| 8 | Dump stat (often Charisma on martials) |
Assign each value exactly once. Swapping later is fine at the table—what matters is that you are not double-using 15 on two abilities.
Assign it live: the free Ability Score Workshop walks you through placement with class tips, live modifiers, and a copyable summary.
Order of operations (2024-friendly)
Many tables today run:
- Pick class (or a rough idea).
- Assign the standard array to the six abilities.
- Apply species and background boosts from your background (and species) on top.
Your sheet’s final scores are array + boosts, not the array alone. That is why the workshop treats the six numbers as a base spread before bonuses.
Where to put 15, 14, 13 (by archetype)
These are habits, not laws—your table’s story beats optimization.
Front-line martial (Fighter, Barbarian, Paladin melee): 15 Strength, 14 Constitution, 13 Dexterity, 8 Charisma.
Finesse or ranged (Rogue, Ranger, Dex Fighter): 15 Dexterity, 14 Constitution, 13 Wisdom or Strength, 8 in what you rarely roll.
Full caster (Wizard, Sorcerer, Warlock): 15 in your casting stat (Intelligence or Charisma), 14 Constitution, 13 Dexterity for AC and initiative.
Cleric or Druid: 15 Wisdom, 14 Constitution, 13 Dexterity or Strength depending on armor plans.
“Not sure yet”: 14 Constitution, 15 in the stat you will attack or cast with once you choose, 8 in your clear dump. The workshop’s Not sure yet layout starts there.
Standard array vs point buy
| Method | Best for |
|---|---|
| Standard array | Fast, balanced, no math |
| Point buy (27 points) | Custom spreads within 8–15 |
If you want more control, see point buy in 5e. Both methods produce pre-bonus scores; backgrounds still apply after.
Common mistakes
- Putting 14 in a flavor stat and 10 in Constitution “because roleplay”—you will feel it by level 3.
- Forgetting initiative is Dexterity—many tables regret a 10 Dex on strikers.
- Applying background +2 before assigning the array—assign the six first, then add boosts.
What to read next
- Ability scores explained — what each stat does in play
- Skills guide — proficiencies ride on these modifiers
- Build your first character — full creation flow
Combat hub: How combat works · Action economy · All conditions
Recommended gear
The right bits at the table—dice, a grid, a quick reference—can quietly save a session from friction. If you’re stocking up or replacing something worn smooth, a single search is often enough to find what fits your group.
Search Dungeons & Dragons on Amazon — opens a category search; pick what your table actually uses.